A paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology, New Orleans,LA, U.S.A. (1993.1.16.).

Applying the ARCS Model in Japan

Katsuaki Suzuki
Tohoku Gakuin University

This paper describes how the ARCS Model of motivation has been introduced to, and accepted by, the Educational Technology research community in Japan: From the first introduction at an annual convention in 1987 to its recent adoption as the theoretical framework for a multi-media courseware development project.

An intuitive acceptability was first tested by introducing the model in a preservice teacher education course. The model was utilized to position a newly developed CAI drill shell for verbal information learning as a tool to go beyond the novelty of computer application in instruction. Despite of the presentations of the results from these studies, the model was not highly recognized. Needed were the local research activities to be more visible, in order to show the applicability and benefits of the model.

At the same time, however, contextual background from which the model evolved was necessary to be conveyed for the model to be fully appreciated. It has been shown that the adoption process can best be interpreted not as introducing the ARCS Model per se, but as advocating the importance of considering "appeal" of instruction as the third outcome variable of instructional design after "effectiveness" and "efficiency."

Research on the ARCS Model in Japan is discussed, with a special emphasis on the positioning and evaluation of the model in the recent multi-media project, in order to suggest future directions of the model adoption and needed areas of research. (250 words)

Articles/Research Papers on ARCS Model

1 Suzuki, K. (1987) Toward designing and developing Òappealing coursewareÓ: ARCS Motivation Model and its application to CAI design. A paper presented at the 3rd Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society of Educational Technology, Proceedings, 375-376 (J: In Japanese)

2 Suzuki, K. (1989) Research trends on instructional design models in the United States. Japan Journal for Educational Technology, 13 (1),1-14.

3 Suzuki, K., Iwamoto, M., & Yashiro, S. (1989) Development of a drill shell for information learning: An analysis of motivation to go beyond novelty effect. A paper presented at the 15th Annual Meeting of the Japan Association for Educational Technology, Proceedings, 183-186 (J)

4 Suzuki, K. (1991) LearnersÕ cognitive and affective processes and instructional design: Domains of learning objectives and models for integration. A paper presented at the 3rd Joint Conference on Educational Technology, Proceedings, 629-632 (J)

5 Keller, J.M. & Keller, B.H. (1991) Motivating learners with multimedia instruction. Proceedings of ICOMMET '91: International Conference on Multi-Media in Education and Training, Tokyo, 313-316 (E: in English)

6 Keller, J.M. (1992) Enhancing the motivation to learn: Origins and applications of the ARCS model (Special Contribution). Reports from the Institute of Education, Tohoku Gakuin University, 11, 45-67 (E)

7 Suzuki, K. (1992) Instructional design model research on affective domain: The ARCS Motivational Design Model as an example. A paper presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for the Study of Audio-Visual Education, Proceedings, 31-32 (J)

8 Machida, T. (1992) Interaction and motivation in a CALL laboratory system. A paper presented at the 27th Annual Meeting of the Japan Society for the Study of Audio-Visual Education, Proceedings, 49-50 (J)

9 Akahori, K. (1992) Instructional design. In Y. Shimizu (Ed.), Education for information communication ara. Japanese Society of Electoronic Information Communication. 28-56 (J)

10 Suzuki, K. (1992) ÒAppealÓ of courseware as measured by continuing motivation. In Research Institute for Software Engineering (Ed.), Report of a feasibility study for new computer-assisted educational system. System Development Report #3-F-15, Association for the Promotion of Machinary Systems, 35-39. (J)

11 Suzuki, K. (1993, January) Radio-TV education for information age (Part II): What we can do to enhance motivation for building information utilization skills. Broadcast Education, 47 (10). (J)

12 Suzuki, K. (in press) Enhancing motivation to learn: Lessons from the ARCS Motivation Model. Practical Research on Educational Technology, 107. (J)

13 Suzuki, K. (in press) Multimedia and motivation to learn. In Koyasu & Yamada(Eds.), Children in the new media era. To be published in 1993 by Yuhikaku Publishers,Tokyo. (J)

Invited Addresses on ARCS Model

1 Suzuki, K. (1990.2.7.) Audio-visual education and motivation to learn. An address at the Annual Meeting for audio-visual education research division of school teachers in Sendai city (J)

2 Keller, J.M. (1991.9.17) The origin and application of ARCS Motivation Model. An address for Lecture Series by Institute for Educational Research, International Christian University (E: In English)

3 Keller, J.M. (1991.9.20) Enhancing motivation to learn: The ARCS Motivation Model. A special address at the 25th Annual Meeting of Institute for Educational Research, Tohoku Gakuin University (E with translation)

4 Keller, J.M. (1992.7.15) Concepts and applications of the ARCS Motivation Model. An address at a project meeting of Research Institute for Software Engineering, Tokyo Kudan Palace (E with translation)

.5 Suzuki, K. (1992.10.9.) Audio-visual materials: Why use them? An address at the 33rd Annual Meeting for audio-visual education research division of high school teachers in Fukushima Prefecture (J)